Spanish Reed
Arundo donax
NEMBA category
English: Spanish Reed, Giant Reed, Bamboo Reed
Afrikaans: Spaanse Riet
Spanish Reed is tall, bamboo-like grass that grows near water-sources. It grows 2 to 6 metres tall and vigorously spreads from horizontal rootstocks. Cream or brown, compact, erect, spear-shaped silky inflorescences appear at the tip all year round.
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Origins: Mediterranean region
Overall Appearance:
Arundo donax is a tall, perennial grass that can reach heights of 2-6 meters. It forms dense stands with thick, woody stems (culms) and long, lance-shaped leaves.
Leaves:
Leaves are long, slender, and pale green to bluish-green. They are typically 30-60 cm long and 2-6 cm wide, with a pointed tip and a prominent midrib.
Flowers:
Flowers are inconspicuous and borne in large, feathery plumes at the tips of the stems. Flowering typically occurs in late summer or autumn.
Seeds:
Seeds are rarely fertile and not a significant factor in the plant's spread.
Stems:
The stems are hollow and woody.
Soil Type:
Tolerant of a wide range of soil types, including moist soils, wet areas, and even saline soils.
Aspect:
Prefers full sun but can tolerate some shade.
Edibility:
Young shoots and leaves are edible and have been used in some cultures as a food source.
Uses:
Historically used for various purposes, including construction materials, thatching, and making musical instruments.
Problem Provinces:
Widespread throughout South Africa, particularly in riparian areas, wetlands, and along watercourses.
Note:
Arundo donax is a highly invasive species in South Africa. It forms dense stands that displace native vegetation, alter water flow, increase the risk of fire, and negatively impact biodiversity. Control measures are often necessary to manage infestations.
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